sábado, 4 de agosto de 2007

9- LAS INTERJECCIONES

LAS INTERJECCIONES

What is an Interjection?
An interjection is a word added to a sentence to convey emotion. It is not grammatically related to any other part of the sentence. You usually follow an interjection with an exclamation mark. Interjections are uncommon in formal academic prose, except in direct quotations.

The highlighted words in the following sentences are interjections:

Ouch, that hurt! Oh no, I forgot that the exam was today. Hey! Put that down!
I heard one guy say to another guy, "He has a new car, eh?"
I don't know about you but, good lord, I think taxes are too high!
Las interjecciones no constituyen, aunque algunos gramáticos las incluyen en el inventario de clases de palabras, una parte de la oración, sino que son equivalentes de oración que expresan un sentimiento vivo.

(¡ay!), una llamada enérgica
(¡eh!, ¡alto!) o describen elementalmente una acción
(¡zas!) sin ser léxicamente y gramaticalmente organizadas.

Son, pues, signos pregramaticales que desempeñan las tres funciones del lenguaje que halló Bühler: expresiva, conativa y representativa. Equivalen también a oraciones sin desarrollo las expresiones interjectivas del tipo ¡Cielo santo!', ¡Dios mío!, ¡Rayos y truenos!, ¡Demonios!, ¡Cielos! etc...

Las interjecciones suelen ser palabras o frases cortas y se emplean principalmente en el lenguaje oral, y en el escrito que reproduce el lenguaje oral, muchas veces como expresión expletiva de desahogo o explosiones de emotividad, a menudo de modo casi reflejo. Pueden formar sintagmas enteros interjectivos por su núcleo (¡Caramba!, ¡Ay de mí!) o bien ser otro tipo de sintagmas más o menos gramaticalizados como interjecciones (¡Por Dios!)
Estructuralmente, se clasifican en su mayor parte como un tipo de oración unimembre averbal de carácter interjectivo. Esto porque sólo posee un término (a saber, la palabra o frase corta que existe) y carece de un verbo conjugado.

Ejemplos:
Ah: usada para denotar comprensión ante algo que anteriormente no se entendía.
Eh: usada para expresar desacuerdo, llamar la atención de alguien.
Auch: usada para expresar dolor.
Ehhhh...: cuando uno intenta recordar, piensa.
Oh: para denotar sorpresa.
Uh, vaya: usadas ocasionalmente para mostrar desagrado
D'oh! usada por Homero Simpson.


The following list includes some of the most commonly used interjections in English, though many of them are decidedly archaic and therefore seldom used these days except in jest:

Ah, aha, ahoy, ay , bah, bravo, duh, encore, fie, good, goodness, gosh, great, hah, hello, here, hey, ho, hmm, huh, humph, hurrah, hush, indeed, lo, now, O, oh, oops, ouch,, pshaw, so, there, tush, tut, ugh, well, what, whoa, whoopee, whoops, why, um,yay, yes, yo
Ahora te sugerimos que visites las siguientes páginas donde encontrarás algunos ejercicios para que practiques esta categoría gramatical:

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